![]() ![]() The atlanto-axial joint allows 10-15 o of flexion/extension, 30 o of axial rotation and only minimal lateral flexion. A small, toothlike, upward projection from the second vertebra of the neck around which the first vertebra rotates. there are a number of ligaments which attach the axis to the occipital bone including the tectorial membrane, the paired alar ligaments, median apical ligament and the longitudinal parts of the cruciform ligaments Odontoid processes - definition of odontoid processes by The Free Dictionary odontoid (redirected from odontoid processes) Also found in: Medical, Encyclopedia.accessory atlanto-axial ligament: from posterior body of C2 to lateral mass of C1.cruciform ligaments: superior, transverse and inferior bands posterior to dens transverse is strongest portion which stabilizes odontoid to the lateral mass of C1 limiting lateral motion of C1 over C2 and limiting subluxation of the joint 1.4 Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. posterior atlanto-occipital membrane (continuation of ligamenta flava): attaches from lower border of atlantal arch (and more superiorly to the occipital bone) and upper borders of lamina of C2 3 Tulane University & Ochsner Clinic Neurosurgery Program, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.anterior longitudinal ligament: thick fibrous band attaches from inferior border of anterior arch of C1 to the anterior axial body.fibrous capsules of the lateral and medial joints are thin and provide only minimal support, therefore ligamentous attachments provide the majority of support.2 The incidence of odontoid fractures is approximately 21. 1, 2 The growing elderly population in the United States has seen the incidence of odontoid fractures more than double over the past decade. median atlanto-axial (atlanto-dental or atlanto-odontoid) joint: pivot-type synovial joint with anterior and posterior articulations of odontoid process/dens of C2 and anterior arch and transverse ligament of C1 Odontoid fractures are the most common fracture of the axis and are the most common type of cervical spine fracture in patients over 65.Pathology The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. paired lateral atlanto-axial joints: classified as planar-type synovial joint between the lateral masses of C1 and C2, though somewhat more complex in shape with concavity of the superior axial facets Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. ![]()
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